Antenna for wireless-telegraph systems.



G. D. BABGOGK.

ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN.24, 1906.

91 9, 1 1 5, Patented Apr. 20,1909.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. v

CLIFFORD DUDLEY BABOOGK, OF Y OR K N. Y.

ANTENNA FOR WIRELESS-TELEGRAPH SYSTEMS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April so, 19cc.

Application filed January 24, Serial No. 297,669. g

antennae which are peculiarly adapted for use on shipboard, but which may be employed in connection with land stations also, and which involve certain novel features which render them particularly efiicient.

In the drawings which accompany and form a part of this specification I have illustrated diagrammatically two embodiments.

of my invention although it is to be understoodthat I do not limit myself to the particular arrangements illustrated inasmuch as many modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.

In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a transmitting or receivm antenna which may be an open-end or a oop antenna, and Fig. 2 represents a transmitting or receiving loop antenna.

In Fig.1, A A represent the masts of a ship whlch support the antenna wires B B,

C C. The approximately vertical portion of the antennaconsists of anydesired number of wires B B, the lower ends of which enter the apparatus house and the upper ends of which are attached to and separated by the spreaderD. The spreader D is connected to the rope or cable E, which passes over a pulley on the mast and the lower end of which may be secured to the cleat- G when the antenna has been hoisted in position. A strain insulator F ma be connected in said rope or cable if desired. The approximately horizontal portion of the antenna consists of a corresponding number of wires C C, the outer ends of which are secured to and separated by the .member H, which is attached to the mast A by the members I I consisting of tarred ropes or hard rubber or other insulators. The member H may be made of metal, in

which case the two sides of the antenna are closed by said member H to form a; loop antenna. The planes of the wires B B and of the wires C' C are both vertical. By thus locating the approximately horizontal portion of the antenna in a vertical plane, anumber of advantages are secured, some of which are that there is less swinging back and forth, and up and down than would be the case if the spreaders D and H were horizontal; the whole antenna lies within the plane of the masts; each of the horizontal wires when used for receiving will be cut by 'difierent portions-,of the lines of force of the advancing waves, if said wires are broadside on to their sourceand I have found that the distances over which signals may be received are therefore greater than when said wires are in a horizontai lane.

In Flg. 2, thewires B C B, which constitute the antenna are maintained in a vertical plane and at a considerable angle to each other, as shown. The spreaders D, D

to which the wires are secured and by which they are separated are attached to the ropes or cables E E which pass over pulleys on the mastsand which may be secured to suitable cleats when the antenna has been hoisted into position. p

The antenna shown ln'Flg. 2 1s a 100 J antenna, the detailed arrangements of whic with respect to the other circuits of the system have beenset forth in Patent No. 806,966 granted to Lee de Forest. The ad vantage of employing'the horlzont'al wires C in Figs. 1 and 2and the second set of wires B in Fig. 2, is that thereby the total length of the antenna is increased so that its natural period, and the wave length corresponding thereto, vis made greater than that of, a vertical antenna having its helght equal to the height of those of thejtype-shown in said figures. This feature is especially valuable on shipboard where the height of the mast and the guying space 'is limited. The longer wave lengths obtainable by the arrangement herein described are desirable because thereby greater distances may be covered. The form of antenna shown in Fig. 2 is especially efficient because it mcloses the maximum area of space with masts of given height and separation, and difi'erent portions of the loop are each in distinct ortions of the field of force of the waves to e received and therefore the amount of energy absorbed therefrom is a maximum.

I claim: p

1. A wireless telegraph antenna comprising an approximately vertical portion and an approximately horizontal portion, said portions bein formed by the same. continuous Wires,an the said horizontal portion consisting of a plurality of arallel conductors disposed in a substantially verticalplane, substantially as "described.

2. A Wireless telegraph antenna comprising an approximate y Vertical port-ion consistingof a plurality of substantially parallel wires all disposed in the same plane, and an approximately horizontalportion formed by an extension of said wires, and consisting of a plurality of substantially parallel con-4 d'uctors all disposed in the same plane as said vertical wires, substantially as described.

; 3. A wireless telegraph antenna, comprising an approximately horizontal portion forming a loop and consistin of a plurality of conductors suitably space apart and disposed in a vertical plane; and each conductor having a downward extension lying in the same plane as the horizontal portion, substantially as described.

4. A wireless telegraph antenna, comprising an approximately horizontal loop and an' loop composed of a approximately vertical loop extendin at a considerable angle to each other, an

lurality of parallel conductors all dispose in the same vertical plane,subst-antially as described.

5. A Wireless tele raph antenna comprising an approximate y horizontal loop composed of a plurality of parallel conductors disposed in a vertical plane, and an approximately vertical loop extending from one end of said horizontal loop and composed of a plurality of vertical conductors disposed in 'the same vertical plane as said horizontal conductors, substantially as described.

(3. A wireless telegraph antenna comprising an approximately horizontal loop composed of a plurality of parallel conductors disposed in a vertical plane, and a pair of.

approximately vertical loops extending from the ends of said horizontal loop and each composed of a plurality of vertical conductors disposed in the same vertical plane as said horizontal conductors, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto each subscribed my name this 19th day of Jan. 

